Preheat the air fryer at 345F/175C for 10 minutes.

Combine the dry ingredients: all-purpose flour, baking soda, sugar, and salt, and mix until incorporated in a large mixing bowl.

Pour the buttermilk into the dry ingredients with a spatula and mix until the dough comes together to form a sticky dough.

Transfer the dough out on a lightly floured surface. Knead it gently until it comes together, then shape it into a flattened dome, not a ball.

Sprinkle some flour on parchment paper and place the shaped loaf onto it. With a knife, cut a deep cross on the dough.

Carefully place the bread in the preheated air fryer for 30-35 minutes.

Flip the soda bread halfway through the cooking time to bake evenly. You will know the bread is ready if an inserted toothpick comes out clean.

Remove the loaf from the air fryer, transfer to a cooling rack to cool slightly and serve with any spread of choice.